Enabling the Visually Impaired Individual

Enabling the Visually Impaired Individual3.2 independency in MovementThe most important thing considered as a sense of independence is being able to shine freely. When we loss the force- off to move freely and safely, this is arguable and it is to a greater extent(prenominal) inflicted by blindness. The formulation programs deal OM training is a necessary condition for blind and afflicted souls to sign in them in society and make them interactive with the stack nigh. This ordaining sure enough jock them to move inside and forbiddenside the walls easily. By having such exposures they bequeathing be less dependent on their family and peers. The remaining sense is sharpening with the cooperate of certain types of sensory training. It helps to develop the coordination between the movements and it improves their beatting and standing postures. By such training and improvements in the physical condition of undivided helps them to be accepted by their families and peers in society. (Koestler, 1976)3.3 Social IntegrationDaily activities be performed with mobility for example divergence for most grocery shopping, any common place, any of peerlesss sacred places, to visit many a nonher(prenominal) relatives, friends out in town. Inter- mortalal relations ar built through with(predicate) this process and kick downstairs a chance to individual to interact with other mountain. Both grade and quantity is enhanced through this and results in the integration in the community. If the individual wishs to enhance the social interaction more, he or she can take any(prenominal) transport means and visit their friends and peers out of town and to some far places.3.4 Self ConfidenceSelf- say-so is very helpful in anyones soulfulnessality. When someone is not traveling from places to places, it allow for decrease their confidence level and they will not be able to interact with people easily. They will hesitate to sh are their views and ideas ope n. We observe that people with visual dec business organization in quality will remain mostly in their ho white plagues and live a lonely life. (stone, 1995)They depend mostly on others if they sport locomote somewhere. But if they have self-confidence they will enjoy the freedom of movement independently and enable to perform all such activities without depending on others. This will increase in number of community participation of such infants.3.5 galosh of the IndividualSafety enhances the confidence of the individual but overly the people in his surroundings. It will influence them to have such confidence and become an independent someone in society. It will correct their gait and postures. This will not entirely decrease the number of difficulties an infant is having but in any case to build a self-image in them. Mobility education is very much important, it slip by the young people fit and smart. If they are physically fit they will get more hard training programs.3 .6 Comprehensive RehabilitationTo move independently in society is the first step to be self-employed. They will get a job or an increase in economic rehabilitation or income generation. It is a big step towards the development of self-confidence of one psyche and he will not remain in the home endlessly but also will go out easily. The success of some vocational training programs also enhances the concept, need and demand for an independent travel. It also changes the attitude and thinking level of public towards featherbedment level. (Jane H. Hill, 1986)3.7 Mobility and SportsVery meanmouthed relationship exist between mobility and sports. As we have discussed above training in OM is a first step in promoting sports activities among afflicted mortals. By participating in games they will enhance the society confidence, they will be aware of the economic conditions and it helps the individual to overcome its fear to move roughly in society.4. Mobility TechniquesTo travel safe ly in relation to the environment, a visually impair soulfulness can use one of the weding techniques or a combination at that placeof4.1 Sighted GuideWhen an individual is orgasm a narrow space, for example descending and ascending paths or stairs. They want to be helped by leading a chair or each passing through inletways.4.2 Walking AloneThis is mostly trailing preventative technique. It further includes the trainings of upper and forearm techniques, lower present and forearm technique, localisation dropped articles. Further you can trump use of yours landmark indoors and necessitate taking.4.3 work over TechniquesThis technique includes some pre- rag devices like use of a dogged strap. It also depends on the type of chide we are using, its quality and how to how to refuse a bawl out also matters a lot.4.1 Sighted GuideThe still objective of OM training is to enjoy the freedom the individuals get in movement. It also focuses on the help of other persons under such stakes become inhering part. All individuals who are visually damage person required help in crossing a busy road or if they are moving in such environment in which he or she is not familiar. They mostly find some visuals signs while moving in a herd place.Salient FeaturesSome important silent features are given belowTravelling with a spy companion requires a lot of skills.Training programs should be given to both the impair and sight person.A sighted person should have it off if in any situation how he is going to scarper the impaired person.Family members are needed to know how to use the sighted- execute techniques.Non -verbal communication skills are developed in between sighted or impaired person.Basic techniquesThe guide should stand next to the visually impaired person and face the same mission as impaired person is facing.Infant should know about the guide standing topographic point and he should tap the shoulder of guide from brook.He mustiness(prenominal ) be trained to figure out where the elbow of guide isIndividual must hold the guide hand above the elbow with slight impregnable but the grip should be in that way the thumb is out of elbow.Infant should hold the guide elbow close to his hand and body, half step behind the guide with the shoulders directly in line with the guide.He should be either left or just side of the guide depending on which side he or she is feeling comfortable.When moving through some narrow spaces the guide should move his elbow towards the mid line of the tolerate of the individual. And when the narrow spaces are over both should move back to the normal positions.When the techniques are over, guide should put forward him that some changes are going to be occurring now.For example stop in front of the stairs so the infant is half step behind the guide. at one time climb the locomote in such a normal ways that impaired person is following behind, shift their fishs forward by leaning forward. If ther e are some resistant of railings and banisters up there impaired persons can be made, how to cross them as well. Same process should be followed while moving down the streets.4.1.3 To guide a visually impaired person to sit in a chair, the guide shouldBring your impaired person close to the chair, and place one of his hands on the back of the chair and narrate him that which side is they are facing and in what posture he is sitting.4.1.4 When approaching a doorway, the guide shouldSome possible steps impaired person should take while moving the doorway is Guide should tell the impaired person in which way the door opens.Now open the door with his freehand and transfer the handle to the impaired person hand.Impaired person will pulls it open and follow the steps guide is showing to him. Now take hold of the handle that is on the opposite side, pass through the door, and pull it to close it down.Pre- CautionsThe guide or the sighted person should keep this thing in mind always that the impaired person is honoring his footsteps.Impaired persons should not be pulled from their arms, or push back from their behind. tame approaches should be taken where the steps and curbs are present. If the guide is telling the procedure from sides of stairs thence may be the impaired person will get the wrong directions.When there are some holes or dugs approximately or there is a need of taking a little jump, guide must call it in loud voice and tell about the minor details of width and height of the jump.It is important for guide to tell him before leaving the impaired person at some safer place. It is ripe(p) that if he left him where there is some standing punt around him, like a wall or chair.Infant person should always remain at the back of guide.When moving through the stairs, impaired person should be at the railing side so he can hold it.A guide should know about the prim steps need to train the impaired persons.Impaired person is visually impaired not hearing i mpaired so the guide should use his normal tone for speech.4.2 Walking AloneImportance For visually impaired persons, passinging aloneWalking alone helps a lot to impair person, it will make them familiar to the environment. It will protect them from hitting many objects in their way. This practice will enable them to move alone in society, act as an independent person and unaided person. It will for certain help them to perform their daily routine activities and personal grooming. This will increase their confidence level and they will be master of their own choice. It will prevent them being a dependent on others. They will walk in the pace of life and started to live and feel like a normal person.4.3.4 Qualities of a Good CaneSome qualities that a good cane should haveGood conductivityDurabilityLight weightLow cost,Strength and resilienceCosmetic and elegant appearance flabby availabilityEasy reparabilityMeeting the specific length requirements.4.3.5 Holding the CaneThe impaire d person should hold the cane in any hand in which he feels comfortableWhen individual is holding cane, the thumb must be on the top of cane, his forefingers are in extended trend and the second middle finger is curled behind to support the caneAll other fingers of hands must be relaxed and the elbow is approximately bent near the body.4.3.6 Using the CaneWrist Movement the cane is moved slowly by extending wrists while the tips of hand touching the underseal at every moment of hand.by doing this the arm should not move.Hand perspective the hand that is holding the cane will always remain in line with the body center and in front of the naval of your body. curve the tip of cane should touch the launch a little more widely than the width of the impaired person.In-step by moving one step forward the cane should move in opposite direction i.e. backward. lets take an example to understand this phenomenon, if left foot is moved forwards then the cane will move in the right direction . Similarly as the right foot comes along, cane will move to the left direction.Rhythm the movement of cane should synchronize with the body movements of impaired person. The speed will be the same.4.3.7 Adaptation of the Cane TechniqueThe cane techniques can be modified into several other techniques. Modification will make according to theTraffic conditionsSurface conditionsRural or urban techniques.There are following modifications that are advisable as followWhen the impaired person is walking in urban bowl then he should move in the middle of the pavements to avoid any kind of hazards or harms sometimes found at the corners of the pavements.In busy and crowded areas, the lengths should be reduced and lower the grip by the help of which the impaired person is holding the guide.In some rural areas where pavements are not made properly and rough area is present the lengths can be increased.If the area is muddy, then the length of sweep must be reduced. They will swing the cane to touch the wall, and then they will swing it back to touch the other side. Cane should hit the wall lightly and ground on other side.When person is walking the cane should touch the walls around him.4.3.9 General CautionsIf by any chance the impaired person is interest that he wants to identify the objects that where his cane is located, then at this point the best strategy is to use of his free hand rather than cane.Impaired person should avoid swinging the cane not only on one side because it can be dangerous.In any case if there is any destruction or obstacle located by the cane, that area should be carefully explored by the guide and by and by carefully examined and expiation the next procedure must be take place.It is important to hold the cane in downward direct position and avoid gesticulate in front.If there is any confusion about the position of cane, direction of person or their location, assistance should be provided by the sighted person.The cane impaired person is us ing must not be apply to scare the animals.The cane should be in proper length and that depends on the height of the impaired person.REFERENCESJane H. Hill, K. C. (1986). Dynamics of Syncretic Language. mexico University of Arizona Press, 1986.Koestler, A. (1976). Life after death. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1976.stone, L. K. (1995). The Early Americas History and Culture. BRILL, 2002.